President Yoon's Declaration of Martial Law in South Korea - December 3, 2024

On the evening of December 3, 2024, President Yoon Suk-yeol declared a state of emergency martial law across South Korea in an urgent press conference.

• He strongly criticized the National Assembly and the opposition party for their continuous impeachment attempts against government officials, budget cuts, and the paralysis of the judicial and administrative systems, defining these actions as anti-national acts threatening the constitutional order.
• President Yoon implemented the emergency martial law measure under the pretext of eliminating North Korean communist forces and domestic anti-national forces, declaring his intention to safeguard the liberal democratic system and restore the nation to normalcy through this action.
• The following is an analysis of President Yoon's 2024 declaration of martial law in South Korea, including the full text of the declaration.

A. Reasons for President Yoon's Declaration of Emergency Martial Law?

1. Criticism of the Impeachment of Government Officials

• Main Points: Emphasized that the National Assembly had proposed 22 impeachment motions against government officials since the government's launch and was currently pursuing the 10th impeachment since the launch of the 22nd National Assembly.
• Problems Presented: This is considered unprecedented globally and in the history of the nation, constituting an act that paralyzes the executive and judicial branches.
• Analysis: Frequent impeachments can undermine the stability and credibility of government institutions, potentially reducing the efficiency of national administration.

2. Problems of Judicial and Executive Branch Paralysis

• Main Points: Claimed that the judicial branch is intimidating judges and prosecutors, while the executive branch is paralyzed by impeachment attempts against the Minister of Public Safety and Security, the Chairperson of the National Communications Commission, the Auditor General, and the Minister of National Defense.
• Problems Presented: This is defined as an act that undermines the constitutional order and threatens the liberal democratic system.
• Analysis: The stability of the executive and judicial branches is essential to national functions, and such paralysis threatens the foundation of government operations.

3. Severity of Budget Cuts

• Main Points: Criticized the National Assembly for cutting budgets for key national functions and people's livelihood.
  • Cut Items: Disaster relief reserve funds, childcare support, youth employment, and military officer treatment improvements, etc.
• Problems Presented: Such cuts undermine the essence of national finances and severely threaten people's livelihood and national security.
• Analysis: Budget cuts directly affect the implementation of national policies, which can endanger both citizens' lives and national security.

4. Collapse of the Constitutional Order and Designation of Anti-National Acts

• Main Points: Claimed that the National Assembly, through legislative dictatorship, is paralyzing the national judicial and administrative systems and undermining the constitutional order.
• Problems Presented: Such actions are considered anti-national acts that plot an insurrection.
• Analysis: If the constitution and the rule of law are violated, the foundation of the national system will be shaken, and public trust will be undermined.

5. Threats from North Korean Communist Forces and Anti-National Forces

• Main Points: Argued that North Korean communist forces and domestic anti-national forces threatening the liberal democratic system must be eliminated.
• Problems Presented: Emphasized that these forces are plundering the freedom and happiness of the people and plotting regime overthrow.
• Analysis: National security and regime maintenance are important tasks, and threats from anti-national forces can directly affect the lives and freedom of citizens.

6. Declaration of Emergency Martial Law

• Main Points: Announced the declaration of emergency martial law to protect liberal democracy and the constitutional order.
• Purpose: Focused on overcoming the national crisis and restoring the nation to normalcy.
• Analysis: Emergency martial law is considered an extreme measure to protect the constitution and the system, but it also has the potential to infringe on the freedoms and rights of citizens, and therefore requires careful consideration.

7. Request for Public Cooperation and Promise to Minimize Inconvenience

• Main Points: Expressed his intention to minimize inconvenience to law-abiding citizens.
• Appeal: Requested understanding that this is an unavoidable measure for the perpetuity of a free South Korea.
• Analysis: Obtaining public cooperation is key to successfully overcoming the crisis, and this is interpreted as an attempt to maintain public trust.

8. Promise to Maintain Relations with the International Community

• Main Points: Emphasized that the declaration of emergency martial law does not change South Korea's commitment and contribution to the international community.
• Analysis: This is seen as a preventative measure to maintain international trust and diplomatic stability, and an effort to minimize the impact of the domestic crisis on South Korea's international image.

Comprehensive Analysis

• Core Argument: A strong message that the National Assembly's abuse of impeachment and budget cuts are severely undermining national functions, and that emergency martial law is being declared to rectify this.
• Policy Direction: Aims at national normalization, with the intention of eliminating anti-national forces and restoring the constitutional order based on public cooperation.
• Potential Concerns: Emergency martial law may restrict the basic rights of citizens, and gaining both international and public trust will be a major challenge.

B. Content of President Yoon Suk-yeol's Declaration of Emergency Martial Law

President Yoon Suk-yeol declared a state of emergency martial law in an urgent address from the presidential office in Yongsan on December 3, 2024, and the following is the full text of the declaration.

• My fellow citizens, I appeal to you with a heavy heart as your president.
• Since the launch of our government, the National Assembly has filed 22 impeachment motions against government officials, and since the launch of the 22nd National Assembly in June, it has been pursuing the 10th impeachment. This is unprecedented in any country in the world and is completely without precedent since the founding of our nation.
• They are paralyzing judicial work by intimidating judges and impeaching numerous prosecutors, and paralyzing the executive branch by attempting to impeach the Minister of Public Safety and Security, the Chairperson of the National Communications Commission, the Auditor General, and the Minister of National Defense.
• Regarding national budget allocation, they have completely cut all major budgets for essential national functions, drug crime control, and public safety, undermining the essential functions of the state and creating a drug haven and a public safety crisis in the Republic of Korea. The Democratic Party cut ₩1 trillion in disaster relief reserve funds, ₩38.4 billion in childcare support allowances, ₩4.1 trillion in youth employment and deep-sea gas field development projects in the next year's budget, and even put the brakes on improvements to military officer treatment such as salary and allowance increases for junior military officers and on-duty allowances.
• This budgetary tyranny is nothing short of manipulating the national finances of the Republic of Korea. Using the budget as a tool for political strife, the Democratic Party's legislative dictatorship has even resorted to budget impeachment.
• National governance is paralyzed, and the sighs of our people are growing. This tramples on the constitutional order of a free Republic of Korea and disrupts legitimate state institutions through the constitution and the law, representing a clear anti-national act that plots insurrection.
• The lives of the people are not a concern, and national governance is paralyzed by impeachment, special probes, and the protection of the opposition leader. Our National Assembly has become a den of criminals, paralyzing the judicial and administrative systems of the state through legislative dictatorship and attempting to overthrow the liberal democratic system.
• The National Assembly, which should be the foundation of liberal democracy, has become a monster that is destroying the liberal democratic system. The Republic of Korea is now in a precarious situation, on the brink of collapse.
• My dear citizens, I am declaring a state of emergency martial law to protect the free Republic of Korea from the threats of North Korean communist forces and to completely eliminate the shameless pro-North Korean anti-national forces that are plundering the freedom and happiness of our people, and to protect the free constitutional order.
• Through this emergency martial law, I will rebuild and protect the free Republic of Korea, which is falling into the abyss of national ruin. To this end, I will surely eliminate the anti-national forces that have been committing evil deeds. This is an unavoidable measure to guarantee the freedom and safety of the people, the sustainability of the nation, and to hand down a proper country to future generations, protecting them from the activities of anti-national forces aiming at regime overthrow.
• I will eliminate the anti-national forces and normalize the nation as quickly as possible. Although the declaration of martial law will cause considerable inconvenience to the good citizens who believe in and follow the values of the constitution of the free Republic of Korea, I will focus on minimizing such inconvenience.
• This measure is unavoidable for the perpetuity of a free Republic of Korea, and there is no change in our foreign policy stance of fulfilling our responsibilities and contributions to the international community. I earnestly appeal to you, my fellow citizens. I will dedicate myself to protecting the free Republic of Korea, relying only on you, my fellow citizens. Please trust me. Thank you.

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